Images
M21
Messier 21, also known as NGC 6531, is an open star cluster located in the constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by Charles Messier on June 5, 1764, during the same observing session in which he also catalogued M20, the Trifid Nebula, which lies only around 40 arcminutes to the northwest. The two objects lie at different distances and are therefore an optical rather than a physical pairing. M21 lies at a distance of approximately 4,250 light-years from Earth and spans a true diameter of roughly 13 light-years. It is a young cluster, estimated at around 4 to 5 million years old.
M80
Messier 80, also known as NGC 6093, is a globular cluster located in the constellation Scorpius. It was discovered by Charles Messier on January 4, 1781. M80 lies at a distance of approximately 32,600 light-years from Earth, placing it in the inner regions of the Milky Way and relatively close to the galactic centre.M80 holds a notable place in astronomical history as the site of a recorded nova in 1860, designated T Scorpii. At its peak it briefly became bright enough to be visible to the naked eye and was for a short time the brightest star in Scorpius, making it one of the most dramatic nova events observed within a globular cluster in the 19th century.
M88
Messier 88, also known as NGC 4501, is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Coma Berenices and member of the Virgo Cluster. It was discovered by Charles Messier on March 18, 1781. M88 lies at a distance of approximately 47 million light-years from Earth and is roughly 120,000 light-years in diameter. M88 is notable for being one of the few Messier objects with a confirmed blueshift, meaning it is moving toward the Milky Way rather than away from it, a consequence of its motion within the gravitational environment of the Virgo Cluster overcoming the general expansion of the universe.
M49 | Arp 134
Messier 49 (NGC 4472) is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by Charles Messier on February 19, 1771, making it the first member of the Virgo Cluster to be catalogued. M49 lies at a distance of approximately 56 million light-years from Earth and is the brightest galaxy in the Virgo Cluster, outshining even the famous M87 in total luminosity. The galaxy spans roughly 160,000 light-years in diameter, making it significantly larger than the Milky Way, and it contains an estimated one trillion stars. The galaxy is also listed in the Arp Catalogue of peculiar galaxies as Arp 134
M47
Messier 47, also known as NGC 2422, is an open star cluster located in the constellation Puppis. M47 lies at a distance of approximately 1,600 light-years from Earth and spans a true diameter of roughly 12 light-years. It is a relatively young cluster, estimated at around 78 million years old, and contains approximately 50 to 80 stars, several of which are bright enough to be seen with the naked eye.
M105
Messier 105 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 24, 1781, just days before Messier finalised his famous catalogue, making it one of the last entries added. M105 lies at a distance of approximately 32 million light-years from Earth and is the brightest elliptical galaxy in the Leo I Group, a galaxy group that also includes M95 and M96. M105 spans roughly 55,000 light-years in diameter. Studies have indicated the presence of a supermassive black hole at its centre with a mass estimated at around 140 million solar masses.
M19
Messier 19, also known as NGC 6273, is a globular cluster located in the constellation Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. It was discovered by Charles Messier on June 5, 1764, making it one of his earlier catalogue entries. M19 lies at a distance of approximately 28,000 light-years from Earth, placing it in the inner regions of the Milky Way galaxy and relatively close to the galactic centre. Its diameter spans roughly 140 light-years. The cluster contains several hundred thousand stars.
M100
Messier 100 (NGC 4321) is a grand design spiral galaxy located in the constellation Coma Berenices, near its border with Virgo. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 15, 1781, and later observed and catalogued by Charles Messier just days after. The galaxy has no widely used common name, though it is occasionally referred to as the Mirror Galaxy. M100 sits at a distance of approximately 55 million light-years from Earth and is one of the largest and brightest members of the Virgo Cluster.
M38
Messier 38, also known as NGC 1912, is an open cluster located in the constellation Auriga. It was first recorded by Guillaume Le Gentil in 1749. The cluster spans around 21 arcminutes on the sky, corresponding to a true diameter of roughly 25 light-years. The cluster contains around 100 confirmed member stars. The brighter stars form a loose oblique or cross-shaped pattern, which gives rise to the informal nickname "the Starfish Cluster."
M108
Messier 108, also known as NGC 3556 and nicknamed the Surfboard Galaxy, is a barred spiral galaxy about 46 million light-years away from Earth in the northern constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781 or 1782. From the Earth, this galaxy is seen almost edge-on. This galaxy is an isolated member of the Ursa Major Cloud of galaxies in the local supercluster.
M42 | M43
The Orion Nebula is one of those iconic objects that wants to be in any astrophotographers portfolio. This object was the first image taken here at AstroWorldCreations, back in 2018. A lot has changed since then, and a revisit of this impressive nebula was long overdue. While M42 is the actual Orion Nebula, the neighbouring M43 is always shot in the same image, but goes by the name or Mairan’s Nebula.
M41
Messier 41 is an open cluster in the constellation Canis Major. The cluster spans an area comparable to the size of the full moon and contains about 100 stars, including several red giants and white dwarfs. Discovered by Giovanni Batista Hodierna before 1654, M41 may have been observed by Aristotle as early as 325 BC. It is sometimes called the Little Beehive Cluster due to its resemblance to the Beehive Cluster (M44).
M78
M78 is a reflection nebula in the constellation Orion. It is the brightest diffuse reflection nebula in a group that includes NGC 2064, NGC 2067, and NGC 2071, all part of the Orion B molecular cloud complex. M78 is located approximately 1,350 light-years from Earth. M78 was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780, and included in Charles Messier's catalog of comet-like objects that same year.
M50
Messier 50, also known as NGC 2323 or the Heart-shaped Cluster, is an open cluster of stars in the constellation Monoceros. It was recorded by G. D. Cassini before 1711 and independently discovered by Charles Messier in 1772 while observing Biela's Comet. M50 is about 2,900 light-years away from Earth and spans 17.8 light-years. The cluster has 508 confirmed and 109 probable members and their combined mass is more than 285 solar masses.
M75
Messier 75 is a globular cluster in the constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780 and included in Charles Messier's catalog that same year. M75 is about 67,500 light years away from Earth and is 14,700 light years away from, and on the opposite side of, the Galactic Center. Messier 75 is part of the Gaia Sausage, the hypothesised remains of a dwarf galaxy that merged with the Milky Way.
M72
Messier 72 is a globular cluster in the south west of the constellation of Aquarius. M72 was discovered by astronomer Pierre Méchain in 1780. Charles Messier looked for it 36 days later, and included it in his catalog. The cluster is approximately 55,000 lightyears away from the Sun. It has an estimated combined mass of 168,000 solar masses and is around 9.5 billion years old.
M30
Messier 30 (also known as NGC 7099 or the Jellyfish Cluster) is a globular cluster in the constellation of Capricornus. M30 is centred 27,100 light-years away from Earth and is about 93 light-years across. The estimated age is roughly 12.9 billion years. M30 makes one of the highest density regions in the Milky Way galaxy.
M55
Messier 55, also known as NGC 6809, or Specter Cluster, is a globular cluster in the south of the constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille in 1752 while observing from what today is South Africa. Charles Messier observed and catalogued it in 1778. M55 is about 17,600 light-years away from Earth. It contains about 269,000 solar masses (M☉).